- A dry cell is your basic non-rechargeable battery, which usually puts out about 1.5 volts. They are based on a combination of zinc and carbon. These must be disposed of when they are dead.
- Alkaline batteries contain zinc and manganese dioxide; the paste is potassium hydroxide, which is basic (another word for alkaline). You can get more power from an alkaline battery than from a dry cell, and the alkalines can be stored longer before use.
- Nicad (or nickel - cadmium) batteries are rechargeable. Some of them are made in the same sizes as standard dry cells or alkaline batteries, and can be sometimes used interchangeably. However, nicad batteries only produce 1.2 volts, and are not good replacements in all devices.
- Car batteries are lead-acid batteries, and they are obviously rechargeable. They are large and heavy, however, and can develop leaks of dangerous sulfuric acid.
- Lithium-ion batteries work differently from other batteries. In these, the moving charge carriers are not electrons at all, but rather, positively charged lithium ions. They are very lightweight and are less affected by low temperatures. Lithium-ion batteries are used in some electric cars.
- Many of the small "button cells" used in watches and calculators are silver oxide batteries.
See how many types of batteries you can find around your home!
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